Project On NCO Essay

INTRODUCTION I have worked for the army as an NCO for the last 13 years and I have always tried to be accountable as much as I can, to live up to the standards of this base and carry out all my responsibilities abiding in the set out rules and regulations. As an Non Commissioned Officer I must be empathetic and positive.   And, as always, must set the standard for integrity and character. However in the recent past I found myself on the wrong side of the matter when over speeded in the base. ABSTRACT The script uses a global array to filter, consolidate, and sort the timing violations. The contents of the global array are then presented in a report of consolidated timing violations. There is illustrated a block of an exemplary global array. The global array includes a plurality of records. Each record includes fields for warning type, time of event, data events, setup time limit, hold time limit, amount of violation, time of last warning. Because experience teaches us that there are some people that only learn by stripping them of their funds. There are others that the mere threat of that loss will keep them on the straight and narrow for 20years to come. And the officers that I know that are the biggest benefactors of professional courtesy deliberately disobey laws because they believe they can do so with impunity. A warning isn’t going to do it for them. An example is a Passaic County Sheriff’s Office incident. The Virginia deputy stopped them, advised them of the applicable law, asked them to obey it, and did not cite anyone. Everyone agreed that he was polite in doing this. The guys pulled back onto the highway resumed doing exactly what they were doing before, and then tried to get the deputy fired when they got home. I hereby submit my Post Violation Report due to my misconduct. Over speeding is the main cause of so many accidents in the army base and other areas in the United States of America. I strongly believe that I was not supposed to go against the ethics, rules and regulations in the base. As an NCO am supposed to set out a good example to all other ground men. However in every day world, we sometimes find ourselves in such situations. In most cases it is not due to our own will but we accidentally find ourselves between a rock and a hard place and therefore try to get ourselves out of it. This being the first time I have done this, I know I have not done such a big criminal activity. I never said that I don’t commit traffic violations. I think I’m pretty careful, but I have missed stop signs, exceeded the speed limit, failed to signal a turn, etc., like everyone else. So far, either I have been lucky or my violations were not so flagrant that they merited a stop. But after pushing a patrol car around for 13 years, I have to say that I can’t remember even once forgetting which car I was in, the patrol car or my personal car. And even in the patrol car, if I committed an intentional traffic violation, it was to accomplish some job-related task, like get turned around to chase a violator or in the field and have to ignore some rules to in order to hit the target. It has never occurred to me to try this in the field of work nor in my private missions without a good reason. If your situational awareness is so poor that you can’t remember whether you’re on or off duty or which car you’re driving, your problems go way past an officers’ discretionary decision making, and your head is definitely â€Å"in the clouds.† I think it’s interesting that you claim that you would have no problem with ignoring a lawful direct order from a superior officer, but you would fear retaliation and would decline to take enforcement action on a clear violation of the law if an officer was involved. If this is truly the situation you’re working in, your agency is in serious trouble. Maybe so, but so what? You never had a brain fart, or were on automatic pilot, you unfortunately can’t control all this. I admit however that on several occasion, when driving off duty in my private vehicle I have driven in the midnight hours because I forgot I was driving in my personal vehicle. Missed to obey the signs and instructions to the drivers. I am not advocating for over speeding in any way, and never have advocated for the same, writing every Amy officer you stop. That is just as much an abuse of discretion as not writing anyone who is an NCO. RESPONSIBILITIES OF AN NON COMMISSIONED OFFICER The duties and responsibilities of NCOs has remained the same for quite a longtime.As an NCO I should be responsible for the following:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Should know where your soldiers live and how to contact them Use the unit to accomplish, as many missions as possible and at all cost never give out volunteer troops. Managing a specific launch vehicle System administration with decision-making authority. Training new Operations Safety Technicians In fact sometimes it has never been a prudent thing to do some of the following: Sending food back to the kitchen. Telling your significant other you have had better. Commenting in front of your boss â€Å"I can find a better job tomorrow!† Dating a co-worker/boss/bosses daughter. At one point I found myself over speeding just because I could not let it go or because I needed to hit some deadlines. Because most of the violations were not all that grave and my impression was that I had a wake-up call from the stop itself. Was I driving safely? Mission accomplished. But the guy that clearly knows what I was doing got me stopped, and who will resume that same activity as soon as we’re done because we thought he had the right to do that, if not a ride in the back seat. As I qualified many times prior, anyone can talk themselves into a ticket. Just because you are military or physician does not mean I don’t run your driving license. I never said that every one of these members gets a pass, I have written military, physicians and other army officers. Here are the facts, I would like to assume that a member of our armed forces is a reasonably decent individual service that few would undertake and regardless of station they deserve my respect and appreciation. Discression is a funny thing. Where you might exercise it, I might not. Where you think me lax, I might think you unnecessarily harsh. Though you are correct in the spirit of your argument, its execution is not so easy. If this were easy, anyone could do it. I made discretionary decisions every day, and I don’t think I was harsh with them. The difference is that I used criteria that were relevant to the situation and that I could defend to anyone that questioned why I had done what I did. You want to bring in criteria of your own choosing that are based on your fears and biases. Overcoming fear and bias is something every one of us has to do in order to be an army officer. , or you get out. I could have shined on any or all of these people, and no one would have known except them and me. As for is Fort Jackson SC cop that I didn’t know was a cop until after I had issued the ticket, he probably deserved a warning, as he was an out-of-towner who was unfamiliar with the intersection and turned left in violation of a posted sign. The cop part of it had nothing to do with whether it was a bad decision or not. One of the sergeants tried to condemn me within the department for comforting another ground officer and that upset me very much. One more thing: say you’re driving around tomorrow in your private vehicle running errands, and you run a red light. No intent to break the law; you just got distracted for a second, make decision without influence, and accept whatever consequences follow your conduct. Some examples where premeditation discretion, in and of itself, doesn’t make sense: there comes a time when you have to attend to an emergency, and here is where our perspectives diverge. All of those applications of premeditated discretion to use your term are enacted pursuant to due process of law and legislation, formulated in compliance with the set out rules and regulations in the base, and is promulgated to the citizenry. As noted above, a large number of substantially contemporaneous timing violations in a particular module can be the result of a single cause. The violation time is the difference between the given speed limit and speed you have exceeded, and is calculated from the limits (setup or hold) and the difference in time between the clock and data events. The first warnings are used by the script to report consolidated information regarding multiple timing violations that occur at a particular module. ACCOUNTABILITY OF AN NCO Senior leaders, must afford these to junior troops: Responsibility, to instill a sense of worth, pride and accomplishment; Authority, to effectively carry out tasks they are responsible for; Accountability, for actions right and wrong; and Assistance, to help junior troops learn from leaders’ experience and expertise. Such actions by leaders are vital to developing junior troops who will be tomorrow’s leaders. Senior leaders must â€Å"coach, teach, mentor and train† subordinates to effectively replace the leaders in the future. EXPECTATIONS Looking at what American military officers expect from their senior NCOs and vice versa. Officers in the U.S. military expect their senior enlisted leaders to be tactically, technically and strategically proficient; to be â€Å"professional beyond reproach†; and to be â€Å"the eyes and the ears for the commander† – the voice of service members and their families. Senior NCO leaders should expect several things from their commanders and carry out the following: Trust and accord respect. Direct and open communication. â€Å"No one has permission to stop me from seeing General Pace These are not a right, but must be earned through consistently professional and proficient actions. Freedom of movement throughout the command. â€Å"You need to tell that commander, ‘Sir, I need to have freedom of moment throughout my area of responsibility. The only way I can advise you is if I see it, Senior U.S. NCOs are empowered in many ways. However, empowerment is not about having power per se, but about influencing junior troops to do the right things. Infact power is not an issue; the big concern is how leaders exercise influence over their subordinates. Maintaining good order A person assigned as an NCO should be responsible for a defined common area within the barracks, e.g., hallways, laundry rooms, dayrooms etc., in writing and post this NCOs name. Conspicuously in the vicinity of the assigned area. This NCO will, at a minimum, be responsible for reporting common area deficiencies to the Battalion R&U NCO. This person will sign for any furnishings and other accountable property located outside of individual soldier rooms. Maintain room assignment rosters for the barracks. Assign soldiers to barracks by requesting that the FMO issue barracks furniture to occupants. Units may appoint a barracks manager or similar person to assist in managing this function. Non-commissioned Officers (NCOs). NCOs have the primary duty of maintaining the health, safety, welfare and discipline of the soldiers assigned to them. These duties extend to: Ensuring that their soldiers have a healthy and safe living environment that complies with the Army values and enhances unit readiness and discipline. NCOs are the key element of command. Presence in the barracks. NCOs may exercise this leadership as common area NCOIC, SDNCO, And CQ. NCOs will also exercise this leadership as first line and higher supervisors of soldier’s Living in the barracks. At a minimum, NCOs will: Conduct inspections IAW Chapter 4 below. Monitor all barracks activities to ensure compliance with the letter of this regulation and the spirit of the Army values. Ensure the barracks are the safe, healthy environment for soldiers and other NCOs. Inspect barracks furnishings for accountability and serviceability. Barracks Commanding Common areas. Assign an NCO to be responsible for a defined common area within the barracks, e.g., hallways, laundry rooms, dayrooms etc., in writing and post this NCO’s name conspicuously in the vicinity of the assigned area. This NCO will, at a minimum, be responsible for reporting common area deficiencies to the Battalion R&U NCO. This person will sign for any furnishings and other accountable property located outside of individual soldier rooms. Maintain room assignment rosters for the barracks. Assign soldiers to barracks by requesting that the FMO issue barracks furniture to occupants. Units may appoint a barracks manager or similar person to assist in managing this function. Supervision Under supervision the NCO is required to motivate and control the following: Counsel soldiers and maintain counseling records. Conduct corrective training when required Keep soldiers informed during their work and events taking place and exercises. Enforcing the equal opportunity program in the forces CONCLUSION As a Non Commissioned officer I understand that by over speeding in the base posed a srious danger to me and also to the other officers on duty. This was actually putting my life at risk. Also as an officer who is supposed to be a good example to my subordinates, I acted in a manner trying to suggest that is not a good example. I strongly  believe that this was a great mistake and am determined to rectify any harm that may have been caused by my misconduct    REFERENCES. Robert Sterling Rush (2006) Non Commissioned Officer Guide Stackpole Books, United States. 2. United States Court of Claims, (1988) Federal Reporter, West Pub. Co 3.Braham Clark Freeman, The American states report,   Ã‚   Published 1895, Bancroft-Whitney Co. Publishers 4.By Lawyers Co-operative, (1905) Lawyers’ Reports Annotated, Publishing Company Lawyers’ Co-operative Pub. Co.

Advanta India Limited Expanding International Presence Via Extensive Research and Development

ADVANTA INDIA LIMITED 1  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied T ABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Executive Summary: Advanta India Limited 2. Advanta India Limited Business Overview Introduction Expertise Product 2. 1 2. 2 Major Investments in the Company Evolution 2. 3 Ownership Structure 2. 4 3. Corporate Timeline Advanta India Limited Organisational Structure Advanta India Limited Products Portfolio 3. 1 3. 2 Field Crops 3. 3 4. Oil Seeds Vegetable Crops Advanta India Limited Financial and Operational Performance 4. 1 4. 2Advanta India Limited Geographical Revenue Segmentation, FY’2011 and FY’2012 4. 3 5. Valuation Analysis and Financial Summary DCF (Discounted Cash Flow) Valuationa and Upside Potential Advanta India Limited Annotated Stock Chart and Analyst Recommendations 5. 1. Advanta India Limited Annotated Stock Price Performance 5. 2. Analyst Recommendations Expected Bullish Stock Performance Buy Recommendation in Long term Expectation of E arning Growth 6. SWOT Analysis Strengths 2  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied WeaknessesOpportunities Threats 7. Advanta India Limited Key Professionals 7. 1. Board of Directors Profile 7. 2. Management Profile 8. Macro Analysis of Seed Industry 8. 1. Indian Hybrid Seed Industry Overview and Size, FY’2008- FY’2012 8. 1. 1 Indian Hybrid Seed Industry Segmentation, FY’2012 8. 1. 2 Market Share of Major Players in the Indian Hybrid Seed Market, FY’2012 8. 2 Australian Seed Industry Market Size, FY’2008-FY’2012 8. 3 Argentina Seed Industry Market Size, FY’2008-FY’-2012 9 Competitive Analysis 9. 1 By Products Offered/Revenue/Business Strategy 9. 2By Financial Performance (Topline/ Enterprise Value/ Multiples) 9. 3 A Relative Valuation Analysis of Indian Seed Industry 10. Advanta India Limied Management Outlook and Future Projection 10. 1. Advanta India Limited Future Projections 10. 2. Advanta I ndia Limited Company Financials Future Projections 10. 3. Advanta India Limited Ratio Analysis 11. Appendix 11. 1. Market Definitions 11. 2. Abbreviations 11. 3. Research Methodology Data Collection Methods Approach Non-linear Factor Based Regression Model 3  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied 1. 4. Disclaimer 4  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied L IST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Advanta India Limited Corporate Timeline 1994-2012 Figure 2: Advanta India Limited Ownership Structure in Percentage as on 31st December 2012 Figure 3: Advanta India Limited Organizational Structure Figure 4: Advanta India Limited Product Portfolio Figure 5: Advanta India Limited Annotated Stock Price Performance on the Basis of Volume Traded and Stock Prices in Thousand Shares and INR per Share, 29th February 2012-1st March 2013Figure 6: India Hybrid Seed Industry Market Size and Contribution in the Overall Indian Seed Market on the Basis of Revenue in INR Crore and Percentage, FY’2008-FY’2012 Figure 7: India Hybrid Seed Industry Segmentation on the Basis of Contribution in the Overall Hybrid Seed Industry in Percentage, FY’2012 Figure 8: Market Share of Major Players in Indian Hybrid Seed Market on the Basis of Contribution by Revenue in Percentage, FY’2012 Figure 9: Australia Seed Industry Market Size on the Basis of the Revenue in INR crore, FY’2008-FY’2012Figure 10: Argentina Seed Industry Market Size on the Basis of Revenue in INR Crore, FY’2008-FY’2012 Figure 11: Advanta India Limited Future Projections on the Basis of Revenue, EBITDA Margin and Net Profit Margin in INR Crore and Percentage, 2013-2017 Figure 12: Non-linear Regression Analysis and Scatter Chart Based upon Indian Hybrid Seed Industry Market size, FY’2008-FY’2012 5  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied L IST OF TABLE Table 1: Advanta India Limi ted Financial Summary on the Basis of Revenue, Growth and Net Profit Margin in INR Crore and Percentage, 2008-2012Table 2: Advanta India Limited Major Investments in Company Evaluation on the Basis Deal Stake, Deal Value and Implied Enterprise Value Table 3: Advanta India Limited Ownership Structure on the Basis of Shares Held as on 31st December 2012 Table 4: Advanta India Limited Promoters Stake on the Basis of Number of Shares Held and the Percentage of Shares Held in Shares Outstanding, as on 31st December 2012 Table 5: Advanta India Limited Revenue Segmentation on the Basis of Contribution by Products in the Overall Revenue, in FY’2011-FY’2012Table 6: Advanta India Limited Recent Developments in Oil Seeds Table 7: Advanta India Limited Recent Developments in Field Crops Table 8: Advanta India Limited Recent Developments in Vegetable Crops Table 9: Advanta India Limited Financial Performance on the Basis of Revenue, EBITDA Margin and Net Profit Margin in INR Crore, and Percentage, 2008-2012 Table 10: Advanta India Limited Valuation Analysis on the Basis of Market Capitalization, Net Debt and Enterprise Value in INR Crore and Units as on 1st March 2013 Table 11: Advanta India Limited Valuation Multiples on the Basis of Revenue, EBITDA and Net Profit Multiples, 2008 -2012Table 12: Advanta India Limited Revenue Segmentation on the Basis of Geographical Contribution in Overall Revenue in Percentage, FY’2011-FY’2012 Table 13: Advanta India Limited Discounted Cash Flow Valuation on the Basis of Weighted Average Cost to Capital, Present Value of Company Valuation and Target Share Price Table 14: Advanta India Limited Sensitivity Analysis of Discounted Cash Flow Analysis, Perpetuity Growth Rate and Weighted Average Cost of Capital on the Basis of Perpetuity Growth Rate Method in INR Crore and in PercentageTable 15: Advanta India Limited Board of Directors Table 16: Advanta India Limited Management Profile Table 17: Company Comparables o n the basis of Products Offered, Revenue and Business Strategies 6  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied Table 18: Company Comparable Analysis on the Basis of Financial Performance in INR Crore and Valuation Multiples as on LTM 31st December 2012 Table 19: Company Comparables on the Basis of Revenue in INR Crore, FY’2008-LTM year ending 31st December 2012Table 20: Relative Valuation Analysis on the Basis of Deal Value, Deal Stake, Implied Enterprise Value and Multiples in INR Crore, Percentage and Multiples Table 21: Advanta India Limited Company Balance Sheet, 2011-2015 Table 22: Advanta India Limited Company Income Statement, 2011-2015 Table 23: Advanta India Limited Company Cash Flow Statement, 2011-2015 Table 24: Advanta India Limited Ratio Analysis on the Basis of Liquidity, Asset Management, Profitability and Leverage Ratios in Multiple and Percentage, 2008-2015 Table 25: Regression Coefficients of the Advanta India Limited Table 26: R egression Intercepts of the Advanta India Limited  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied E XECUTIVE SUMMARY: ADVANTA INDIA LIMITED Recommendation: ~ Date: 1st March 2013 Target Price: INR ~ Advanta India Limited is an agronomic seed company with major operations in India, Australia, Thailand, the US and Argentina. The company is involved in production of hybrid seeds of field crop and vegetable seeds. The company specializes in the production of hybrid sunflower seeds by technical plant breeding and application of bio-technological methods.The company was listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange the National Stock Exchange of India in 2007 and having its registered office in Hyderabad. Key Differentiators ? ? ? ? Competition and Positioning ? Key Developments ? Advanta is dominant player in the Thailand corn market Dominates the international sorghum market The company has 16 subsidiaries all over the world representing its global presence First Indian m ultinational seed company Advanta dominates the sunflower seed market in Argentina with ~% market share as of 31st December 2011 ? ? ? ?In 2011 the company established a new research and breeding station in Toulouse, France so as to cater the growing demand of the European markets ? ? ? ? Financial Summary Advanta India Limited Financial Summary on the Basis of Revenue, Growth and Net Profit Margin in INR Crore and Percentage, 2008-2012 Particulars 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Revenue Growth% Net Profit% 8  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied C ORPORATE TIMELINE Advanta was established in 1994 as a joint venture between ITC Limited and Zeneca Limited.On 24th January 1994 the company started its production of hybrid seeds from its registered office at Hyderabad. The joint venture was named as ITC Zeneca Limited with the objective of production of hybrid seeds in the Indian seed market. In 1994, the company acquired seed business of Hysun India Limitedà ¢â‚¬ ¦ In 2007, Advanta India Limited came with an IPO of INR ~ crore. The IPO was of ~ equity shares at a price of INR ~ per equity share†¦ Advanta India Limited Corporate Timeline 1994-2012 9  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copiedA DVANTA INDIA LIMITED ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE The company currently has ~ plants in India, out of which ~ plants are located in Andhra Pradesh and ~ plant in Haryana. Out of 16 subsidiaries across the world Advanta Netherland Holdings BV was the highest profit making subsidiary of Advanta, generating a net profit of INR ~ crore during 2011 and Advanta Holdings BV was the highest loss making subsidiary of INR ~ crore in 2011†¦ Advanta India Limited holds ~ shares that is 100. 0% of Advanta Semillas SAIC and ~ shares of Pacific Seeds Pty. Limited implying 100. % stake in the subsidiary†¦ Advanta India Limited Organizational Structure 10  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copie d A DVANTA INDIA LIMITED PRODUCTS PORTFOLIO The company engages in ~ types of hybrid seed products in India and across the globe such as sorghum, corn, cotton, sunflower, mustard, canola and others and for vegetable such as tomato, cauliflower, sweet corn, hot pepper, okra and others. Business cycle of the company is to research and develop, produce and distribute the seeds to farmers through its distributors†¦Advanta India Limited Product Portfolio O IL SEEDS Oil seeds are produced as a source of the production for different types of oil. The oil seed portfolio of the company consists of the three hybrid seeds namely sunflower, canola and Indian mustard. These three products contribute the largest proportion of the company’s revenue†¦ 11  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied The company operates in the Australian canola seed market through its 100. 0% owned subsidiary namely, Pacific Seeds Pty Limited.Pacific Seeds is involved in the production of ~ types of hybrid canola seed variety such as [email  protected], [email  protected], [email  protected], [email  protected] and others. The company has achieved ~ % growth in its global canola business in 2011 y-o-y. The company has a pan India presence in the Indian hybrid mustard market. UPL group in collaboration with state government of Gujarat has entered into a project for the production of coral-432 with the average selling price of seeds INR 22. 5 and average selling price of oil INR 56. 0 under normal conditions.Advanta India Limited Recent Developments in Oil Seeds Countries Recent Developments in Product Portfolio India Mexico A DVANTA INDIA LIMITED FINANCIAL AND O PERATIONAL PERFORMANCE V ALUATION ANALYSIS AND FINANCIAL SUMMARY The company’s revenue has showcased a CAGR growth of 16. 4% from 2008 to 2012. Increase in revenue was due to the expansion of company’s operations in various countries in the last five years by mergers and acquisitions of different companies. Additionally, over the years the company has been spending considerable amount on research and development.These research and development expenditure has produced new and improved products for the company such as PAC 801, PAC 807 and others in hybrid rice seed which had enhanced the company’s revenues. The revenue for 2012 was INR 1073. 0 crore showcasing a growth of 17. 7% by y-o-y†¦ Net profit of the company has increased at a CAGR of ~% from 2008 to 2012†¦ 12  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied The company has been valued at INR ~ crore as on 1st March 2013. The revenue multiple of the company has shown a declining trend.Revenue multiple represents the amount that has to be paid by the investor for purchasing the company’s sales. The revenue multiple has declined at a CAGR of ~% from 2008-2012 showcasing a decline in the value of the company against the company’s sales as the amount of sales has been increasing over the years which implies that the company is now more cheaper to purchase as compare to what it was in 2008†¦ Advanta India Limited Financial Performance on the Basis of Revenue, EBITDA Margin and Net Profit Margin in INR Crore, and Percentage, 2008-2012 Particulars (in INR Crore and Percentage) 008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Revenue y-o-y Growth% EBITDA% Net Profit% Advanta India Limited Valuation Analysis on the Basis of Market Capitalization, Net Debt and Enterprise Value in INR Crore and Units as on 1st March 2013 Particulars (in INR Crore and Units) Share Price* Share Outstanding (in Units) Market Capitalization Net Debt Associates/ Minority Interest Enterprise Value Advanta India Limited Valuation Multiples on the Basis of Revenue, EBITDA and Net Profit Multiples, 2008-2012 Particulars 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 EV/Revenue EV/ EBITDA EV/Net Profit 13 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied D CF (DISCOUNTED CASH F LOW) VALUATIONA AND UPSIDE P OTENTIAL Advanta India Limited Discounted Cash Flow Valuation on the Basis of Weighted Average Cost to Capital, Present Value of Company Valuation and Target Share Price Particulars Value (in INR Crore, Percentage and Units) WACC Revenue CAGR over 2013-17E Present Value of Cash Flow till 2017E Terminal Growth Present Value (PV) of terminal cash flow PV of firm Less: Current Debt Total present value of the Equity Number of Equity Shares Outstanding (in Units)DCF – Target price (INR) Advanta India Limited Sensitivity Analysis of Discounted Cash Flow Analysis, Perpetuity Growth Rate and Weighted Average Cost of Capital on the Basis of Perpetuity Growth Rate Method in INR Crore and in Percentage Particulars (in INR Crore and Percentage) Weighted Average Cost of Capital Perpetuity Growth Rate 14  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied M ACRO ANALYSIS OF SEED INDUSTRY M ARKET SHARE OF MAJOR PLAYERS IN THE INDIAN HYBRID S EED MARKET, FY’2012 The Indian hybrid seed industry is dominated by Nuziveedu Seeds Private Limited.The company has a market share of ~% in the overall Indian hybrid seed industry, followed by Maharashtra Hybrid Corporation (Mahyco) and Vibha Agrotech Limited which have a share of ~% and ~% respectively. As per the historical trend, the revenue of the seed companies has been inclining†¦ For Monsanto India, corn hybrid was the single biggest focus in seed business. Through its Project Golden Rays project the company has signed a public-private partnership with Rajasthan state government for increasing the maize hybrid yields by two folds. The project involves 7. 8 lakh tribal farmers.The company has a share of 4. 4% in the overall hybrid seed market†¦ Market Share of Major Players in Indian Hybrid Seed Market on the Basis of Contribution by Revenue in Percentage, FY’2012 Nuziveedu Seeds Private limited Maharashtra Hybrid Corporation (Mahyco) Monsanto India Li mited (MIL) Rasi Seeds Private Limited Bayer CropScience Ltd. – India Du Pont Pioneer Syngenta India Ltd. Advanta India Limited Others 15  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied A USTRALIAN SEED INDUSTRY MARKET SIZE, FY’2008-FY’2012 Australia is the second largest exporter of canola in the world.Australian seed market has declined at CAGR of ~% from USD ~ million to USD ~ million from FY’2008 to FY’2012. Decline in the Australian seed industry was mainly due to natural disaster in the country which effected the production of seeds. During the early FY’2000, the seeds industry of Australia was at its peak. The seed sales grew by ~% to USD ~ million in FY’2007 from USD ~ million in FY’2005 due to pleasant weather conditions in the country, higher commodity prices and positive market sentiments†¦ Australian government policies had also played a major role in the performance of the seed industr y of the country.Australian government has strict regulations which have restricted the entry of major players in the country. These strict regulations of the government restricted the growth of the industry and debarred the nation from adoption of hybrid seeds which actually have the potential to increase the agricultural productivity with the limited use of resources. Australia Seed Industry Market Size on the Basis of the Revenue in INR crore, FY’2008FY’2012 2,500. 0 INR Crore 2,000. 0 1,500. 0 1,000. 0 500. 0 0. 0 FY'2008 FY'2009 FY'2010 FY'2011FY'2012 16  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied C OMPETITIVE ANALYSIS B Y FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (TOPLINE/ ENTERPRISE VALUE/ M ULTIPLES) Table: Company Comparable Analysis on the Basis of Financial Performance in INR Crore and Valuation Multiples as on LTM 31st December 2012 (INR Crore, unless Stated) Company Market Cap Last Twelve Months (LTM) Year Ending December 2012 Net Debt Enterprise Value (EV) EV/Revenue EV/EBITDA P/E JK Agri Genetics Limited Advanta Limited India Monsanto Limited India Nath SeedsLimited India Kaveri Seeds Company Limited Mean Median 17  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied Table: Company Comparables on the Basis of Revenue in INR Crore, FY’2008-LTM year ending 31st December 2012 Revenue (in INR Crore) FY’2008 FY’2009 FY’2010 FY’2011 FY’2012 LTM JK Agri Genetics Limited* Advanta India Limited** Monsanto India Limited Kaveri Seeds Company Limited Nath Seeds India Limited A DVANTA INDIA LIMITED FUTURE PROJECTION Advanta India Limited has been focusing the European hybrid seed market.After doing research for over 4 years, the company is planning its first hybrid sunflower seed sale in Romania, Ukraine, Romania and France. Advanta will launce ~ hybrids sunflower seeds products to farmers of these countries under ALTA brand. The ~ hybrids sunflower seeds will generator thei r brand name in future and expected to capture sizable market share in the European seed market. This will lead to an increase in profits of the company in future. The company has recently entered into a genetically modified (GM) corn agreement with Monsanto for two countries namely, Brazil and Philippines.GM corn is developed by adding animal’s DNA into seeds DNA and thus amplifies the utility of the seeds†¦ †¦The company is expected to showcase a revenue growth of CAGR ~% from 2012 to 2017. Additionally, the company is spending substantial amount on research and development of products and these new products will generate positive cash flow in future and will increase the revenue of the company. All these factors will lead to an increase in company’s revenue from INR 1,073. 0 crore in 2012 to ~ crore in 2017. 18  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copiedAdvanta India Limited Future Projections on the Basis of Revenue, EBITDA Ma rgin and Net Profit Margin in INR Crore and Percentage, 2013-2017 3,500. 0 16. 0% 3,000. 0 14. 0% INR Crore 10. 0% 2,000. 0 8. 0% 1,500. 0 6. 0% 1,000. 0 in Percentage 12. 0% 2,500. 0 4. 0% 500. 0 2. 0% 0. 0% 0. 0 FY'2013 Revenue FY'2014 FY'2015 EBITDA Margin FY'2016 FY'2017 Net Profit Margin A DVANTA INDIA LIMITED COMPANY FINANCIALS FUTURE P ROJECTIONS Over the years Advanta India Limited has been showing a constant growth in its shareholders’ funds as the company has been constantly generating after tax net profit expect in 2010.Net worth of the company has increased at a CAGR of ~% from 2009-2012, representing increase in profitability margin of the company. The company is expected to follow the same trend in future and anticipated to increase its net worth at CAGR of ~% from 2012-2015. As of now the contribution of outsider’s funds in the total assets of the business is greater than shareholders’ equity but with the increase in profitability the company is e xpected to reverse this scenario and debt to equity ratio will decrease in future†¦ 19 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied The company’s cash flow from operation has showcased a positive growth trend in 2011 and 2012. It is anticipated that the cash flow from operation of the company will increase at a CAGR of ~% from 2011-2015 largely due to increase in after tax net profit of the company. In 2015 it is expected that the company will increase its revenue from operations by ~% y-o-y. An average annual growth of ~% is expected in the company’s capital expenditure from 2011-2015 due to commercialization and expansion of business.Overall cash and cash equivalent balance of the company is expected to increase at a CAGR of ~% from 2011-2015†¦ 20  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied D ISCLAIMER The research reports provided by Ken Research are for the personal information of the authorized recipien t and is not for public distribution and should not be reproduced or redistributed without prior permission. You are permitted to print or download extracts from this material for your personal use only. None of this material may be used for any commercial or public use.The information provided in the research documents is from publicly available data and other sources, which are reliable. Efforts are made to try and ensure accuracy of data. 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The History of Chocolate

Chocolate is one of the oldest treats enjoyed by many people. By a show of hands, how many people love chocolate? I have loved chocolate ever since I was a little girl. I have enjoyed the different tastes, textures, and styles of it. Chocolate has been one of the oldest treats enjoyed by many people. I want to share with you the history of chocolate, types of chocolate, and some benefits from eating chocolate. Let’s start with the History of Chocolate! Chocolate's history started over 2,000 years ago. It began in the tropical rainforests of Central and South America from the seed of the cacao tree. This small tree grows best in the tropical atmosphere because it receives the best amount of rain, shade, humidity, wind, and nutrients. According to Susan J. Terrio, the author of Crafting the Culture and History of French Chocolate, the first people known to have made chocolate were the ancient cultures of Mexico and Central America. These people, including the Maya and Aztec, mixed ground cacao seeds with various seasonings to make a spicy, frothy drink. This was the very first way that chocolate was consumed. When the Spanish conquered the Aztecs, they brought the cacao seeds back home to Spain. 1. The chocolate drink was very popular in Spain. It then spread to Europe where new technologies and innovations changed the texture and taste of chocolate. 2. By the mid-1700s, the blossoming Industrial Revolution saw the emergence of innovations that changed the future of chocolate.

Ventria Bioscience and the Controversy over Plant-Made Medicines

Case Study: â€Å"Ventria Bioscience and the Controversy over Plant – Made Medicines† GB590 Corporate Social Responsibility Prof. Timothy Loney By Willette Marchany Rivera February 22, 2011 Introduction: Case overview Ventria Bioscience, a biotechnology firm based in California, faces the challenge of commercializing a product with potential and considerable public health benefits. Ventria had developed a ground-breaking technology using genetically modified (GM) rice to grow the proteins lactoferrin and lysozyme, both found in human breast milk, which can be used for the treatment of diarrhea in children, tourists and the military. Lawrence and Weber, 2010, p. 494) However, the pioneer biotechnology invention has to go through regulatory processes and stakeholder’s scrutiny, before it can enter the market. There are ethical concerns over the plant-based medicines and opposition coming from consumer advocates, environmentalists, rice farmers and food safety activ ists. Ventria needs to overcome the regulatory environment and manage its stakeholder relations in order to succeed and release this product for sale. In order to do so they must establish a strategic plan to improve their triple bottom line performance.They need to convince stakeholders that the potential benefits are desirable and that they can safely and responsibly deliver the product to be commercialized. Even then, Ventria and the biotechnology industry might always face opposition from groups against genetically modified organisms in which human genes are also manipulated. â€Å"The public’s reactions to plant- made pharmaceuticals were likely to be extreme, given the high benefits, potential risks, and deep moral quandaries posed by these new technologies. † (Lawrence & Weber, 2010, p. 92) Financial goal Ventria’s financial goal is to make profit from producing in a big scale the GM rice they developed and selling it at an affordable price. The plant-mad e pharmaceutical concept was created in order to take advantage of the capability of harvesting the proteins in a natural host instead of using a costly laboratory environment where manufacturing would be slower and in a smaller scale. Ventria’s financial goal seems to be intertwined to the capability of producing the GM rice outdoors over a large amount of land.Environmentalists and rice farmers are highly concerned with the possibility of comingling happening and the adverse impact on the ecosystem this could have. Other than that, the Union of Concerned Scientists, a policy advocacy group, warned that it is unwise to produce drugs in plants outdoors, because there would be little control over the doses people might get exposed to, and some might be allergic to the proteins. (Grace, 2011, para. 24-25) Environmentalists are concerned too about Ventria using acres of arable land to harvest medicine instead. (Grace, 2011, para. 0) Social goal Ventria’s social goal shoul d be to contribute to the treatment of diarrhea in children, the military and tourists at an affordable price with their innovative plant-made pharmaceutical without damaging society. In order to do so, they shall get the local and global public to trust the biotechnology industry and plant-made pharmaceuticals. They also need to assure that the product or its production will not harm or negatively affect human lives. The GM rice cannot get mixed with or contact in any way crops designated for human food supply.At the same time, consumers need to be informed honestly about the content of the products and that they are GM. Otherwise, customers would be deceived. There are ethical concerns about the use of human genes in this GM rice and consumer rights to be informed should be placed first. Food safety is also an issue as this GM rice remains to be widely tested in humans and be approved by the FDA. The company also needs to become liable in case the GM rice contaminates other rice f armers’ crops and contaminated products are sent to the human food supply.Environmental goal Ventria’s environmental goal would be to produce the GM rice without contaminating the environment or throwing off the natural balance, that is, without disturbing the ecosystem. They cannot allow comingling to happen. Also, they need to avoid and control the risks of any adverse impact of the GM rice to the ecosystem by taking measures to avoid potential harms to the wildlife and the spreading of the GM rice crops that could lead to undesirable hybrids.Summary: Triple bottom line performance and strategic recommendations After considering all the financial, social and environmental factors that adversely affect their performance, Ventria is in position of making a strategic decision. They should consider first to modify or radically change their production strategy and second to enter in a marketing process focused in educating the public about their product. These strategies can help them achieve their three bottom-line goals. They need to provide a safer way of producing their product and obtain the permits and the approval to sell it.Their financial, social and environmental goals can only be attained by focusing in resolving the issues with their stakeholders. There are two recommendations on how to change their current production strategy. They can search for an isolated area of arable land away from other rice farmers and set stringent measures of control to avoid the risk of contaminating other crops. However, controlling all the risk factors in an open crop field would be complicated and it is uncertain to which degree it could be accomplished.Another option would be to consider production in greenhouses. This would be probably more costly, but will ensure a higher degree of control. Finally, Ventria would have to ensure the safety of their product and take on an honest advertising campaign to disseminate doubts and concerns about their invention . Likely, there will be opposition based on the ethical concerns about GM. However, public campaigns that provide straight forward and clear information from the developers will give customers more tools to make an informed decision about the product.References Grace. (2011, February 2). Genetically modified rice now on its way to fields in several  countries. Nwoandsecretsocieties. WordPress. com. Retrieved February 24, 2011 from http://nwoandsecretsocieties. wordpress. com/2011/02/02/genetically-modified-rice-now-on-its-way-to-fields-in-several-countries/ Lawrence, A. T. (2010). Ventria Bioscience and the Controversy over Plant- Made Medicines. In Lawrence, A. T. , Weber J. , Business and Society: Stakeholders, Ethics,

Business insurance and how it affact on the taxes Essay

Business insurance and how it affact on the taxes - Essay Example The tax on insurance premium does not in reality have an effect on the individual policy holder in drastic ways. The more flourishing an insurance cover provider is, the higher their taxation on the insurance premium. Both IRS publication 334 (small business tax guide) and IRS publication 535(business expenses) are readily available in the internet and are a perfect resource for many business owners. Certain types of enterprises should be cautious, and make sure they get skilled tax assistance when they are preparing their income and when they are listing their premium deductions. This is as a result of the tax avoidance schemes which have been caught by IRS over the years. These unscrupulous people have made taxation in businesses exceedingly difficult no for everyone i.e. even for the fair tax payers. There is two common set of laws that are usually applied during the deduction of premiums. One of these laws is that insurance premiums have to be to the advantage of the enterprise and should be intended for a business purpose. The other is that, insurance covers benefitting groups e.g. managers, employees and owners alike and identifying the enterprise, are good. Those premiums that are paid for the advantage of one, normally the owner of the business are bad. There are a number of commonly accepted premium deductions. One of these is credit insurance. Credit insurance is used to cover losses from bad debts for business in order for it to continue running its activities. Another one is group hospitalization and employees’ medical insurance. This one also includes the long term care insurance. Liability insurance is also another one. It helps to protect the business from any losses which would arise from the liabilities within the business. Malpractice insurance also accepts premium deduction. This insurance covers one on personal liabilities for professional

Will significant peace wver prevail between Palestine and Israel Essay

Will significant peace wver prevail between Palestine and Israel - Essay Example The peace process is usually used to describe various paths taken in order to secure lasting peace to the conflict. Indeed, over the years, various attempts have been made in securing lasting peace and these include the Rogers peace plan and the Saddat initiative (1970 – 1972), Madrid Conference (1991), Oslo Accords (1993), Hebron Agreement (1997), Wye River Memorandum (1998), Camp David 2000 Summit (2000), Clinton’s â€Å"Parameters† and the Taba talks (2000 – 2001), Beirut Summit (2002), the â€Å"Road Map† for Peace (2002 – 2003), Israel-Hamas ceasefire of 2008 (2008), the 2010 direct talks (2010) and other alternative peace proposals. Despite these efforts, the prospect of everlasting peace is still far from realization. The major obstacle in achieving significant peace in the Israelis-Palestinian conflict is the lack of good will among leaders of both sides. Most often, promises to carry out peace deal were not kept by the Israeli as wel l as the Palestinian leaders. Furthermore, peace negotiations have been interrupted by outbreaks of hostilities between both sides. Other issues that stand against lasting peace in the conflict are related to borders and division of the land, Palestinians’ concern over Israelis settlements in the West Bank, the status of Jerusalem, Israelis’ concern over security, terrorism, safety and violence, right of return of Palestinian refugees living in the Palestinian Diaspora and the emotional bitterness among Israelis and Palestinians. The key issue on the Israelis side that hampers lasting peace is security concern.

Constructive Trusts show the conscience of Equity at work Essay

Constructive Trusts show the conscience of Equity at work - Essay Example It is submitted at the outset that the wide applicability of constructive trust renders it necessary to undertake a contextual approach focusing on particular areas. As such, this paper will consider the statement in context of constructive trust applicability in equitable tracing and fiduciary duties and the financial consequences of relationship breakdown. From a historical perspective, equity developed as a result of inflexibility of common law and â€Å"wiped away the tears of the common law†3. In common law, the doctrine of tracing enables a claimant to trace the path of their misappropriated property, identify the proceeds of the property along with persons who have handled the property. Moreover, the common law remedy of tracing enables an applicant to make a claim against the property itself4 However, tracing money at common law is inherently fraught with difficulties, especially where monies have passed through bank or similar accounts and in practice claimants often rely on the equitable doctrine of tracing5. The fundamental problem in common law tracing is the identity requirement, perpetuated by the common reality of funds being mixed. For example, the case of Taylor v Plummer6 affirmed that in order to succeed in a claim for tracing at common law, the property had to be identifiable and distinguishable from other property. Conversely, the Court of Appeal in Agip Africa v Jackson 7 asserted that equity will however allow tracing through mixed bank accounts through the imposition of fiduciary duty and constructive trust, which lends itself to support the assertion that constructive trusts act as the conscience of equity. A prime example of the broader scope of equitable tracing in contrast to legal tracing is the Privy Council decision in AG for Hong Kong v Reid.8 The dispute in the case centred on whether the solicitor general’s subsequent