An economic analysis of Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company

An economic analysis of Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company Abstract Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company operates in retailing and wholesaling of packaged sweets and doughnuts. The company owns shares and certain franchises called the Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Stores. The franchises engage in massive production and sale of food and drinks. The business operates 530 stores across the world. It does business in the United States of America, United Kingdom, Australia, Mexico and Indonesia among other states (Peach Report 2009).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on An economic analysis of Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The headquarters of the organization features in Wistons of business rivals of the Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company include McDonalds, Starbucks Coffee and Dunkin’s Donuts (Rusch, 2011). The financial crisis in the United States and across the globe has led to a significant decline in the income of consumers. The decreasing purchas ing power of customers may have a negative effect in the quest for commodities. This concept may cause a shift in the demand curve. The Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company’s products relate to the aspects of price and quality. Consumers may compare their needs and wants. Needs must be met by the clients and can hence be categorized under inelastic demands. Needs must be fulfilled regardless of price variations of commodities. Necessities may be classified under elastic demands because they can be likened to luxuries. The products of Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company have an elastic demand (Peach Report, 2009). Costs of production for the firm This assessment presents different costs that the Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company incurs in its production process. The costs include the expenditures of inputs. These aspects may be the levies required for the inputs that create the commodities. The other fees comprise of the cost of advertising, labour, delivery, staff compensation, transport a nd machinery and store operating charges. The charges feature in the table below: Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Primary competitive advantages Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company is capable of organizing its strategy and enforcement of its brand prospects. This concept may be a crucial competitive advantage. The company can link its priorities to its business strategy. The plan may involve value addition of its products. Krispy Kreme Doughnuts has a strong brand that can act as a basis for developing mechanisms for enhancing appreciation and protection of its market brand. The company may penetrate other areas where it is not performing well. It can offer salient channels of promoting sales through networking and online interactions. The organization’s popular name is a veritable strength that distinguishes it from other competing firms. Krispy Kreme Doughnuts is one of the â€Å"household names† in the fast food industry. Most people can easily recognize a Krispy Kreme doughnut. The clients may easily remember the company’s products because it is easy to pronounce its brand n ame. The business has an efficient way of manufacturing its products in mass quantities. This fact enables the company to benefit from the economies of scale. For instance, Krispy Kreme’s technology can manufacture about 280 dozen doughnuts in an hour. In addition, the doughnuts are usually uniform and in large quantities. A â€Å"glazed† Krispy Kreme doughnut bought in San Francisco can be equated to another purchased in Rocky Mount, North Carolina (Michelman, 2007). This report supports the view that it is easy for clients to recognize a product from the Krispy Kreme Doughnut Company globally. The business also develops a positive attitude towards clients. This view provides the company with a suitable reputation from its customers. The staff of the organization work hard to develop a competitive client service by according clients deserved respect. This competitive advantage differentiates the company from its business rivals (Michelman, 2007). The organization has a rich experience in the fast food industry due to its market dominance over time. In addition, the Krispy Kreme Doughnut Company combines this experience with relevant marketing methods that capture the attention of customers. The company engages in the oral word advertising strategy before embarking on other interventions like use of memorabilia to attract clients. The other essential competitive edge for the business involves upgrading its extranet services to a standardized browser interface. The organization may utilize resources necessary for users in its structures while at the same time safeguarding crucial data from its competitors. This strategy is significant for the transformation of the business. The company may transmit crucial data to its clients and workers in a speedy manner. The design also allows the company to operate effectively and remain above its rivals in the sector. It averts expenses related to technology possession for the business. The firm can send emai ls to clients on a regular basis, transmit newsletters and interact with its customers. This scheme eliminates the extra costs of printing and distribution of the information. Barriers for firms in the industry This paper confirms the view of McGuigan (2010) that it is difficult to create and sustain a new business brand in the restaurant sector. However, the hindrances associated with the food industry for companies can be overcome. Thomas (2010) suggests few hindrances for investments in the sector for organizations. Michelman (2007) notes that it may be easy to start a small scale restaurant designed to capture local markets. Several small scale restaurants may be able sustain themselves in the market due to few hindrances related to entry into the market. The organizations excel due to the high potential of accruing profits in the sector. The restaurants may refrain from conducting business due to the envisaged level of threats. They experience extensive competition within the r estaurant industry. The firms also encounter high prospects of failure in the market. In addition, this paper observes impediments to the rate of investments in the food industry due to business rivalry and monopoly from established players. For instance, key business investors like Wendy’s and McDonald’s make huge sales at the expense of smaller investors. Companies like Burger King incorporate competitive market penetration mechanisms to promote their progress in the market. This report asserts that it is difficult to begin a new business in this sector due to the presence of powerful competitors. Certain organizations buy smaller companies to reinforce their market dominance and mitigate competition. This point may be an indicator of a vertical relationship among the business players. The Krispy Kreme Doughnut Company employs a commercial format authorization where the firm provides the structure for operating the business. Company’s product substitutes This study suggests diverse substitutes and complements for Krispy Kreme Doughnut Company’s products. Clients normally look for quality doughnuts at reasonable prices. These clients have similar consumer behaviours to those in other industries. They show high sensitivity to price variations and have low switching costs. The company’s substitute goods have a significant impact on the firm. The organization contends with the difficulty of a rise in the demand for its competitors’ products like bagels that become more popular than doughnuts. This fact is an upcoming trend that is diverting the demand of clients from doughnuts. Several companies engage in the sale and distribution of bagels. The businesses comprise of Einstein Brothers and Bruegger’s. Panera featured as the second-fastest developing restaurant chain in 2006. A number of its product offerings include sugary bagels and sweets. These products provide direct competition to doughnuts. In addition, the standard bagel has more calories than the doughnut. Panera’s products also have the most â€Å"calorie-laden† bagels in the fast food sector. These substitutes offer intense competition to the Krispy Kreme Company. Groceries may constitute additional substitute goods for the Krispy Kreme Company. The quality of food prepared for household consumption is still high in the market. This paper advances the fact that more than half of the expenses incurred by households relate to foodstuffs. Home food continues to become popular with a majority of clients. A rise in the cost of gasoline increases the sale of home food in restaurants and hence clients prefer buying it from the joints instead of preparing it at home. Alternatives can include unique types of bagels and baked food supplied to distribution units. These substitute products also threaten to diminish the revenue power of Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company. Branded bagels and other baked goods have more power in the foo d industry than doughnuts. The increase in the popularity of the bagels may be risky to the Krispy Kreme Company. Additional alternatives may constitute milk and types of juices. Company’s market share The Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company operates within a diverse sector of fast food restaurants. The company operates in the quick service restaurant portion (QSR) (Kowalski, 2009). The business competes in two separate markets. The first comprises of the restaurant industry. Food, casual and complete services comprise of the three categories of market targets. The variations among the three classes of markets can be attributed to the value and environment. The firm’s limited menu and store â€Å"dà ©cor† indicates its position in the fast food industry. However, the quality of the doughnuts can be linked to the value of food. The food sector has performed competitively during the past year. This aspect is despite the presence of financial difficulties in the market . Key business rivals of the Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company include Dunkin’ Donuts and Tim Hortons. Dunkin’ Donuts owns about 5600 branches across the world. The branches feature in 39 countries. Tim Hortons owns 337 stores in the United States. However, the company’s Canadian presence is more significant than in other regions. Tim Hortons owns close to 2,713 stores, more than even McDonald’s in Canada. Krispy Kreme’s business rivals may attain a competitive edge over the company in future because of their unique food products. Dunkin’ Donuts’ unique innovation of a coffee drink has boosted the organization’s market rating against its business rivals. Today, the business may be among the best in the sector for its doughnut products. The coffee division of fast food and casual restaurants is a significant one. About 17% of Krispy Kreme’s sales may be necessitated by the company’s beverages. This aspect may be relat ively lower than the sector’s average. The Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company trades in a unique coffee brand that gives the business a competitive edge over its market competitors. This aspect boosts the financial margins of coffee higher than the margins accrued on doughnuts (Krispy, 2010). Market structure The market structure that best describes the conditions of Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company is perfect competition. This concept is a market design that has several buyers and sellers of one product. This study observes several operators in the restaurant industry. These include, McDonalds, Starbucks, Costa Coffee, Cafà © Nero, Greggs, Millies Cookies, and Cafà © Ritazza. These companies are price takers because they do not sell their products above the prices of their competitors. The constituents of demand and supply dictate the cost in an equilibrium context. In addition, this paper affirms perfect knowledge about the market in this structure. Strategies for Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Company A number of the strategies that Krispy Kreme Doughnuts should adopt in the future may include expansion into unexplored markets like Japan. The company should consider opening new stores in Japan and densely populated regions like China. These countries may provide an appropriate new market to boost the sales of the company. The business should maintain its two thirds franchise ratio as it seeks expansion into new markets abroad. In addition, the organization should pursue a re-evaluation of domestic markets to identify the weak links. The emblem of the business must be conspicuous on the covers of doughnuts and the shops themselves. This aspect can improve the brand of the business. The organization should also improve its kiosks’ aesthetics. This concept can give the company a new look to attract prospective clients. The business should transform its menu to include healthy foods and operate in compliance with healthy standards. This notion may increase th e consumer base by attracting people who consider to leading healthy lifestyles by consuming home food. In addition, the business should sustain links with the community and use modern advertising approaches. It must improve its communal obligations especially charitable initiatives. The enforcement of these strategies may oversee a positive transformation for Krispy Kreme Doughnuts in the food industry across the world. References Kowalski, R. (2009). Starbucks Wars: How McDonalds and Starbucks Defined Their Industry. Retrieved from allbusiness.com/manufacturing/food-manufacturing-food-coffee-tea/3977318-1.html Krispy, K.(2010). Annual Report. Retrieved from http://investor.krispykreme.com/annuals.cfm Mastrull, P. (2010). Krispy Kreme back in Philly with new business recipe. Retrieved from philly.com/inquirer/business/20101114_Krispy_Kreme_back_in_Philly_with_new_business_recipe.html McGuigan, P.(2010). Krispy Kreme reveals plan.Retrieved from bakeryinfo.co.uk/news/fullstory.php/ai d/6663/Krispy_Kreme_reveals_plan_to_double_UK_stores.html Michelman, P. (2007). Is There a Hole in Krispy KremeÊ ¼s Comeback Plan. Retrieved from http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2007/03/is_there_a_hole_in_krispy_krem.html Peach Report .(2009). How Krispy Kreme brought doughnuts to the UK. Retrieved from peachreport.com/Latest/366375/how_krispy_kreme_brought_doughnuts_ the_uk.html Rusch, R. (2011). Krispy Kreme on the rise.Retrieved from brandchannel.com/features_effect.asp?id=70 Thomas, J. (2010). How one rival doughnut franchise is cashing in on Krispy Kreme closures. Retrieved from smartcompany.com.au/advertising-and-marketing/20101116-how-one-rival-doughnut-franchise-is-cashing-in-on-krispy-kreme-closures.html

Powerful Work Wardrobe Tips for Professional Women

Powerful Work Wardrobe Tips for Professional Women You might be the brightest and most talented person in the room, and you of course should always be judged on those merits alone. Still, it doesn’t hurt to dress for success every now and then, just to make a statement with a polished and professional first impression. People are shallow. This is an unfortunate fact. And this disproportionately impacts women in the workplace. You shouldn’t even have to fight it- it’s 2017!- but fight it you can. Here are a few strategies how:1. Be yourself.Don’t try to wedge yourself into whatever is in style or what everybody else is wearing. Make sure to pick things that make you comfortable and confident and feel like yourself. Don’t let your clothes wear you; wear your clothes.2. Add a pop of color.The world is dreary enough. Figure out your favorite colors and see if you can’t incorporate them into your work wardrobe. Shades of red, particularly on the blue side of the spectrum, are said to convey power. But then again, so does black. The colors that flatter you and make you confident are going to be your power colors, no matter what. Bonus: solid colors are less distracting than loud prints.3. Adapt to the style of your workplace.If you’re applying to work in a super corporate environment where formal dress is required, you’ll need you get yourself a suit. If your work culture is much more casual than you’re used to, don’t fret. Get yourself a nice pair of designer jeans that really really fit well. Get some high quality t-shirts and a good jacket. You’ll still feel equipped and powerful- even sophisticated- but you won’t stand out as too gussied up.4. Invest in a good suit.If your work requires you to have a suit, get a really good one. A bespoke one. And have it fitted. Good tailoring is always a great investment.5. Keep it neutral.You may love your tattoos and piercings, or your unique hair choices, but in certain work environments- at least until they catch up to the realities of modern life- it’s best not to display all the wonderful quirks in your personal style.6. Dress for the job you want.Don’t be hamstrung by convention. You know where you want to go in your career. Do your research and know how to dress for that job you want. Trust your instincts. You’re a grown woman and capable of making it work for you.

Response to a newspaper editorial Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Response to a newspaper editorial - Essay Example On the contrary, Steve Jobs and his counterparts know what other parents do not - the dangers of technology – and for that reason, they ensure their families and technology are worlds apart. Parents and kids, particularly those who use the iPad, would find this article very useful. Perhaps there is the need for a rethinking on this subject. The explosive growth of digital devices and smartphones is transforming the lives of children, at home and in school. Research reveals that even the youngest children are present online, using smartphones and tablets, and downloading apps. Consumer Reports published last year reveal that over 7.5 million children in America under age 13 are using Facebook, which technically requires all users to be 13 years and above to be eligible to open an account. Nobody has an idea on what technology and media use will mean for children as they grow up. Pawlowski’s does not directly hit at the iPads for children, but her major concern is that children are more prone to mess up with the devices if not supervised. In essence, she argues that technology is not evil for children as Steve Jobs portrays in his stringent measures against the use of the devices back at home, but parents should keenly monitor and regulate the same. Her strongest evidence to support this position lies in the recommendations tabled by the American Academy for Pediatrics, in which children and teenagers should not spend more than two hours a day using the gadgets and that children under two years should be allowed half an hour daily so long as the activity is one that engages them. Precisely, parents should ration technology use similar to the administration of a balanced diet. Only this way will the children enjoy the benefits of digital technology in a healthy way. This trend calls for intensified supervision by parents to realize its effectiveness. The problem with the recommendation above is that parents are

Criminal Justice for Mentally Sick Offenders Coursework

Criminal Justice for Mentally Sick Offenders - Coursework Example The review examines these problems and presents recommendations for preventing such problems and alleviating it further. In this connection Mental Health Act 1984 was taken into study including all pertinent references, results and conclusions. After research of clinical studies it came into light that 6 to 15 percent persons are in city and county jails and 10 to 15 percent persons in the state prisons are suffering from severe mental illness and poor functioning. A considerable numbers from them are homeless, it seems that a majority of mentally sick person are arrested compare to general population of the society. One of the causes evaluated during research in criminal justice system is deinstitutionalization. Adopt more rigid criteria for civil necessities, lack of complete community treatment and the harsh attitude of police and society with this neglected segment of society. This segment is hardly access to community treatment and basic amenities of life. Recommendations includ e reforms in the act through which careful necessary treatment and after care treatment may be provided to such people. Jail detainees should go through a careful screening process and as per their past history and family support, as well as, police officers should be trained formally in this regard. In order to create a positivism segment in our society, offenders having mental disorders may get mental health training, when a minor offence have been committed by them. CONTENTS S. # Name of Chapter Page # 1. 1.1 Chapter 1 Mental Health Act 1984 . 5 1.2 Who is Patient under the Law. 5 2. Chapter 2 Criminal Justice System Related To Mentally Disordered Offenders 6 2.1 Definition of Mental Disorder .. 6 2.2 Health, Social Work and Related Services for Mentally Disordered Offenders 6 2.3 Current Health and Social Work Services Health Services 7 2.4 Local General and Forensic Psychiatric Services. 7 2.5 Out Patient and Community Service. 8 2.6 In Patient Care 8 2.7 Intensive Psychiatric Care Units 9 2.8 Forensic Psychiatric Service 9 2.9 Secure Provision 9 2.10 Admissibility of Confessions.. 10 2.11 Diversions and Public Interest Considerations .. 10 3. Chapter 3 The Standard For Information Required For Establishing A Mental Disorder. 11 4. Chapter 4 Some important figures / Tables / Graphs regarding mentally sick criminals/patients. 13 5. Chapter 5 Primary Care Criteria for Mentally Disordered Patient. 15 5.1 Medical Reports 15 5.2 Criteria for Adults.. 16 5.3 Referral Letter for Adults... 17 5.4 Criteria for Children Adolescents ... 17 5.5 Referral Letter for Children... 18 6. Chapter 6 Use of Mental Health Act 1984. 21 6.1 Before the Assessment.. 22 6.2 During the Assessment.. 23 6.3 Section 24.. 23 6.4 Section 18.. 24 6.5 Arranging Admission. 25 6.6 If the patient is not admitted . 26 6.7 Responsibilities of the Police (Home Office Circular No. 12/95) 26 6.8 Hospital Directions 27 7. Chapter 7 Rehabilitation of Mentally Disordered Offenders 28 8. Chapter 8 Proposals to Reform Mental Health... 32 9. Chapter 9 Editorial by Jill Peay and Nigel Eastman 35 10. Chapter 10 Editorial by Professor Jill Peay "An indefensible gap in mental health law" ... 37 11. Chapter 11 Book Review of Professor Jill Peay Book.. 38 12. Chapter 12 Results and Discussions 42 13. Chapter

Letter to Isle of Wight County Press Essay Example for Free

Letter to Isle of Wight County Press Essay As an adolescent and Islander I can fairly say there are few activities for children to partake in, however due to mass demand a skate park has been recently built in one of the parks in Cowes, my local town. Although this new facility is considered to be very good for local children there has been widespread opposition from local residents and council officials, due to the appearance and conduct of a number of children. There are also acute problems with noise for local residents, who complain it goes on all-day and late at night, especially in the school holidays. Whilst Ive neither visited the skate park, nor plan to do so, I have many constructive and supportive arguments for the retention of the facility, but on the other hand, those negative unsupportive opinions. As an adolescent I can see why so many children are enthusiastic about such a provision, generally as there are few such services on the Island. However I do not support the council in such a controversial decision and feel the money could have been spent more wisely. Similarly I can see why there is such harsh opposition from local people. Moreover, I support the idea that skateboarding is another of the child fashions, and is likely to become out of date soon in the future; subsequently the funds spent on such a package, could be another misuse of taxpayers money. Inevitably, drugs are ubiquitous in the park and there have been criticism from the parents of younger children who use the park, this is the most compelling piece of evidence for the closure of the park. Correspondingly, there is a possibility that drugs could become even more prominent in the local town. In conclusion, I think that however much the provision is used the problem of drugs and violence is unacceptable, consequently in my opinion though much fun is enjoyed at the skate park, such things are deplorable and though this may seem harsh, I believe the skate park should be either disbanded or assisted with adult supervision.

Hamlet :: Hamlet Shakespeare Summary Review Analysis

Prince Hamlet devotes himself to avenging his father's death, but, because he is contemplative and thoughtful by nature, he delays, entering into a deep melancholy and even apparent madness. Claudius and Gertrude worry about the prince's erratic behavior and attempt to discover its cause. They employ a pair of Hamlet's friends, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, to watch him. When Polonius, the pompous Lord Chamberlain, suggests that Hamlet may be mad with love for his daughter, Ophelia, Claudius agrees to spy on Hamlet in conversation with the girl. But though Hamlet certainly seems mad, he does not seem to love Ophelia: he orders her to enter a nunnery and declares that he wishes to ban marriages. A group of traveling actors comes to Elsinore, and Hamlet seizes upon an idea to test his uncle's guilt. He will have the players perform a scene closely resembling the sequence by which Hamlet imagines his uncle to have murdered his father, so that if Claudius is guilty, he will surely react. When the moment of the murder arrives in the theater, Claudius leaps up and leaves the room. Hamlet and Horatio agree that this proves his guilt. Hamlet goes to kill Claudius but finds him praying. Since he believes that killing Claudius while in prayer would send Claudius's soul to heaven, Hamlet considers that it would be an inadequate revenge and decides to wait. Claudius, now frightened of Hamlet's madness and fearing for his own safety, orders that Hamlet be sent to England at once. Hamlet goes to confront his mother, in whose bedchamber Polonius has hidden behind a tapestry. Hearing a noise from behind the tapestry, Hamlet believes the king is hiding there. He draws his sword and stabs through the fabric, killing Polonius. For this crime, he is immediately dispatched to England with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. However, Claudius's plan for Hamlet includes more than banishment, as he has given Rosencrantz and Guildenstern sealed orders for the King of England demanding that Hamlet be put to death. In the aftermath of her father's death, Ophelia goes mad with grief and drowns in the river. Polonius's son, Laertes, who has been staying in France, returns to Denmark in a rage. Claudius convinces him that Hamlet is to blame for his father's and sister's deaths. When Horatio and the king receive letters from Hamlet indicating that the prince has returned to Denmark after pirates attacked his ship en route to England, Claudius concocts a plan to use Laertes' desire for revenge to secure Hamlet's death.

Walmart Spot Rate

a. A. Walmart’s use of the spot market in China would allow the retailer to exchange their excess required holdings into other foreign currencies. The spot market makes the exchange of yuan into other currencies a seamless process. If Walmart consistently purchases home goods from manufacturing plants in Russia, the spot market will allow Walmart to convert their earned yuan into rubles to pay for Russian goods. b. c. B. Walmart may at sometime utilize an international money market in order to borrow short-term funds to build new retail outlets in emerging markets. Excess funds from sales in China could be placed into a foreign money market in anticipation of new operations in the respective country. Advantage of utilizing this type of money market is to secure better interest rate or the country’s currency may be expected to increase in the near future. Any advantage a company has in anticipation of expected currency appreciations, the better off they will be when operations begin, their money will go further. d. e. C. Walmart may also choose to take on long-term debt with the use of the international bond market. Much like anticipating a foreign countries increase in currency in the money market, a bond market will allow Walmart to take in immediate debt in the respective country. Once operations begin in this new market, earnings received in the new currency can be used to pay off interest of this new debt. Walmart will also attract more attention from foreign investors, if they issue bonds in those foreign countries. Walmart must use caution, depending on which way the exchange rate works in their favor, it may either prove to be beneficial or they may realize a loss due to currency deflation. Chapter 4 Problem 5 If Japan relaxes its import controls: a. A. The US demand schedule for Japanese yen will shift inward b. B. The supply schedule of yen will shift outward c. C. The equilibrium value will decrease Problem 21 1. Borrow 10 Million Singapore dollars 2. Convert the Singapore dollars to US = (10,000,000 x . 43) = 4,300,000 US Dollars 3. Lend the US dollars @ 7%, which represents a over the 60 day period. After 60 days the bank will receive (computed as $4,300,000 x (1 + . 0117) = 4,350,310 4. (7 x (60/360)) = 1. 17 5. Repay the Singapore loan = 10,000,000 x {1 + (24% x 60/360)} = 10,400,000 6. Based on spot rate , US dollars to repay Singapore loan = 10,400,000 x . 42 = 4,368,000 7. After repaying loan the bank will have a speculative loss of 4,368,000 – 4,350,310 = 17,690 If the speculation is correct the bank will have done too much work for a loss in profit.

Truman Doctrine and Marshall Aid

Greece and Turkey -By 1946, Greece and Czechoslovakia were the only countries in Eastern Europe that weren’t Communist. -Even in Greece, the government, which was being supported by British soldiers, was having to fight a civil war against the Communists. In February 1947, the British told Truman they could no longer afford to keep their soldiers in Greece. President Truman stepped in. The USA paid for the British soldiers in Greece. Truman noted that Turkey too was in danger from Soviet aggression, so Congress voted to give aid to Turkey as well. -Part of the money was given in economic and humanitarian aid, but most was spent on military supplies and weapons. Truman Doctrine In the 1930s, America had kept out of Europe’s business. Now, on 12 March 1947, Truman told Americans that it was America’s DUTY to interfere. His policy towards the Soviet Union was one of ‘containment’ – he did not try to destroy the USSR, but he wanted to stop it grow ing any more. This was called the ‘Truman Doctrine’. Greece -After WWI Greece appeared to be ‘under threat' from Communism. -Britain was unable to support Greece (as it had done in the past). -In 1947 Greece was under attack from Communist rebels and asked the USA for help. Communism -Truman was concerned about the spread of Communism and was determined to take action. -He offered arms, supplies and money to Greece. -Communism in Greece was defeated by 1949 following a civil war. Doctrine Truman was determined that the USA would not live in isolation. -The Truman Doctrine aimed to contain Communism, but not push it back – known as Containment. -Offered assistance to â€Å"all free peoples† resisting â€Å"attempted subjugation†. Marshall Aid -Truman saw war ravaged Europe as a â€Å"breeding ground† for Communism. -He felt it was vital to encourage countries to become prosperous again – to recover from the war. -US Secretary of State, George Ma rshall, propsed Marshall Aid (also know as the Marshall Plan) Just being helpful? -Helping European countries to recover also meant creating a market for US exports. -Also (although not publicly admitted) it was a clear aim to prevent the spread of Communism. -Stalin saw this as America trying to buy support. Tension -Between 1947-51 12 billion dollars was given in aid! -Vital help for recovery. -However, Stalin refused Marshall Aid and banned Eastern European countries under the USSR's control from accepting it. -This created tension on both sides.

The Best Thing to Do for Your Writing

The Best Thing to Do for Your Writing I saw this in a recent blog post, and when I eagerly delved into the piece, it instead listed items without weight to the suggestions. The blogger interviewed several authors and asked them what they considered to be the single most important item to do to improve your writing. I didnt see mine, and the others said things like pick the right POV, work on dialogue, take an acting class, respect plot. . . which might as well have been just an outline for a writing class. Of course what you take to heart as the most important thing might depend on what your strengths and weaknesses are, but to me, theres only one thing that encompasses novice and seasoned writers. Read and study good, published writing. Whats good? Well, that can be interpreted in several ways, but all must be contingent upon what you want for your own writing. 1) Do you want to sell books? Then read successful books that sold thousands of copies. 2) Do you want to write fantastic mysteries with great twists? Then read mysteries noted for such. 3) Do you want pulse-pounding romance that doesnt sound trite? Then seek strong romance writers. 4) Do you wish to complicate your plot? Find complicated plots. 5) Do you want dialogue that dances on the page and requires no tags to identify the characters? You know what to do. In other words, follow the masters. Some may say that means only bestsellers. Some say that neglects a lot of indie material. Nope. . . it doesnt, on both counts. Regardless of how its published, a book is good or it isnt. Sure, theres opinion laced in there, but when the majority of a books readers love it, and the reviews say why, then you have your markers, and who printed it doesnt matter. What about those books that arent known? Then my suggestion to the authors is to get them known. Is your writing truly remarkable? Then work on distribution and reviews. Do articles, interviews, and speaking engagements to demonstrate your abilities. Is it easy? Hell no. Its not supposed to be. It cant be. Good writing, and the good writer behind that writing, has to fight to be recognized. Whether thats going traditional and fighting to be embraced But I stand my mantra that the best way to improve your writing is to read good books. . . books that make you wish youd written them.

Kwanzan Cherry Tree Profile and Care Instructions

Kwanzan Cherry Tree Profile and Care Instructions Kwanzan Cherry has double-pink, beautiful flowers and is usually purchased and planted for this reason. The upright-spreading form, reaching 15 to 25 feet tall, is quite attractive in many locations including near a patio or as a specimen away from lawn grass competition. The tree is glorious in flower and has been planted along with Yoshino Cherry in Washington, D.C. and Macon, Georgia for their annual Cherry Blossom Festivals. This cherry provides a strong contrast to lighter-colored cherry blossoms, like Yoshino cherry, by showing a pink flower later in April and May. It becomes a larger part of the cherry show as spring introduces flowering later in the Northeastern U.S. Specifics Scientific Name: Prunus serrulata ‘Kwanzan’Pronunciation: PROO-nus sair-yoo-LAY-tuhCommon Name: Kwanzan CherryFamily: RosaceaeUSDA Hardiness Zones: 5B through 9AOrigin: Not native to North AmericaUses: Bonsai; container or above-ground planter; near a deck or patio; trainable as a standard; specimen; residential street tree; Cultivars Some cultivars might be locally available including: ‘Amanogawa’(‘Erecta’): Semi-double, light pink, fragrant flowers, narrow columnar habit, about 20 feet tall;‘Shirotae’(‘Mt. Fuji’, ‘Kojima’): Flowers double to semi-double, white, ruffled, about 2.5 inches across; ‘Shogetsu’ - tree 15 feet tall, broad and flat-topped, flowers double, pale pink, the center may be white, can be two inches across;‘Ukon’: Young foliage bronze, flowers pale yellow, semi-double. Description Height: 15 to 25 feetSpread: 15 to 25 feetCrown Uniformity: Symmetrical canopy with a regular (or smooth) outline and individuals have more or less identical crown formsCrown Shape: Upright; vase shapeCrown Density: ModerateGrowth Rate: MediumTexture: Medium Trunk and Branches The bark is thin and easily damaged from mechanical impact; the tree grows mostly upright and will not droop; showy trunk; should be grown with a single leader. Pruning Requirement: Needs little pruning to develop a strong structureBreakage: ResistantCurrent Year Twig Color: BrownCurrent Year Twig Thickness: Medium Foliage Leaf Arrangement: AlternateLeaf Type: SimpleLeaf Margin: SerrateLeaf Shape: Lanceolate; ovateLeaf Venation: Banchidodrome; pinnateLeaf Type and Persistence: DeciduousLeaf Blade Length: 4 to 8 inches; 2 to 4 inchesLeaf Color: GreenFall Color: Copper; orange; yellowFall Characteristic: Showy Culture Light Requirement: Tree grows in full sunSoil Tolerances: Clay; loam; sand; acidic; occasionally wet; alkaline; well-drainedDrought Tolerance: ModerateAerosol Salt Tolerance: ModerateSoil Salt Tolerance: Poor In Depth Neither stress-tolerant or highly drought-tolerant, Kwanzan Cherry should be located on a site with loose soil and plenty of moisture. Not for an urban parking lot or exposed street tree planting where borers and other problems normally attack. It has some tolerance to salt  and tolerates clay if well drained. Kwanzan cherry has good yellow fall color, does not bear fruit, but is somewhat troubled with pests. These pests include aphids which distort new growth, deposits of honeydew, and sooty mold. Bark borers can attack flowering cherries, and scale insects of several types infest cherries. Spider mites can cause yellowing or stippling of leaves and tent caterpillars make large webbed nests in trees then eat the foliage. Kwanzan Cherry prefers full sun, is intolerant of poor drainage, and is easily transplanted. However, the useful life of the species is limited to about 15 to 25 years for Kwanzan when on a good site. Still, the tree is a joy during this short period and should be planted.

IP Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

IP Law - Essay Example Firm managers carry out valuation of their patents when they are deciding whether or not to file a patent application or refurbish a patent, when computing royalties for patent licensing contracts, when calculating the value of a potential merger or acquisition, and when calculating their own corporate value. Lawyers and judges value patents in suits of patent infringement; financial institutions calculate the value of patents when they use the intangible asset as collateral for bank loans; and investors and financial analysts value patents to evaluate the cost of firms as a foundation for their investment decisions and recommendations (Hall, 1992; Martin and Drews, 2005). IP in the form of patentable technology, legally protectable trademarks and designs, copyright and others have progressively become the most crucial assets, not only for many of the worlds largest companies, but also for small and medium enterprises (Schweihs, 2002). Intellectual property (IP) is a term which refers to a number of discrete kinds of legal monopolies over conceptions of the mind, which can be either artistic or commercial. IP also includes the related areas of law (Raysman et all, 2008). A variety of intangible assets are given certain special rights under the IP law. The most common kinds of intellectual property include trademarks, copyrights, industrial design rights, patents, and trade enigmas in some jurisdictions. According to Sherman and Bently (1999), â€Å"The British Statute of Anne 1710 and the Statute of Monopolies 1623 are now seen as the origin of copyright and patent law respectively.† Originality is one of the most important terms which are related to copyright. Presently the term ‘originality’ is used by law as a touchstone in evaluating when and why something can be copyrighted. England’s conventional criterion for originality was a Lockeanderived industriousness criterion, according to which the work must spring up from the author at